트루에드 자료실

< 주의를 요하는 수동태2 >

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4) 동작수동태와 상태 수동태

 

 

(1) become, get, grow 따위 동사가 be동사 대신에 쓰여 동작을 나타내는 수동태를 만든다.

 

1. I am well acquainted with him. 상태

 

I got acquainted with him. 동작

 

2. He grew tired with the work.

 

 

(2) &qout;&qout;lie,( remain, go, keep, stand) + p.p&qout;&qout; 는 상태를 나타낸다.

 

1. The ground lay buried under the snow.

 

2. He still remains unmarried.

 

3. The thief goes unpunished.

 

 

 

 

(3) &qout;&qout;be+p.p&qout;&qout; 수동형이 문맥에 따라 그 의미가 동작 또는 상태를 나타낸다.

 

동작동사의 현재(과거) 수동을 능동으로 고칠때는 현재(과거)형이며, 상태동사의 현재(과거) 수동은 능동으로 고칠 때 현재(과거) 완료형이 된다.

 

1.The book was written by her. (동작)

 

The book is written in French. (상태)

 

2. The door is shut at ten every night. (동작) - 수동

 

-> We shut the door at ten every night. (동작) - 능동

 

The door is shut at night. (상태) - 수동

 

 

 

 

5) 사역동사 have가 쓰인 문장은 자체가 수동의 뜻이 있으며 수동태로 만들 수 없다

 

1. I had my purse stolen.

 

= My purse was stolen.

 

2. I had him write the letter.

 

= I had the letter written by him.

 

3. I had a new desk made.

 

나는 새 책상을 맞추었다.

 

 

 

 

6) 능동수동태 (타동사가 자동사처럼 쓰인 경우)

 

1. These books don&qout;&qout;t sell well. 이 책들은 잘 팔리지 않는다.

 

2. This bed feels (is felt) soft.

 

3. Who is to blame (= to be blamed) for the accident?

 

4. This house is to let. (to be let)

 

5. This book is worth reading (being read) twice.

 

6. Her dress caught on a nail.

 

그녀의 옷이 못에 걸렸다.

 

7. His scientific papers read like novels.

 

그의 과학 논문들은 소설처럼 읽힌다.

 

▶ dry, count, need, want, cook 등의 동사는 능동이면서 수동의미를 갖는다.

 

 

7) 전치사에 주의를 요하는 수동형

 

be made of (재료, 원료의 본질이 변하지 않는 경우)

 

-> The roof is made of straw.

 

be made from (재료, 원료가 변형되는 경우)

 

-> Wine is made from grapes.

 

be made into (제품으로 변화되는 경우)

 

-> Grapes are made into wine.

 

 

 

8) 수동태를 만들 수 없는 타동사

 

1. I have two children.

 

- have가 먹다 (eat), 얻다(obtain)의 뜻일 때는 수동 가능.

 

2. He resembles his father.

 

3. This coat me fifty dollars.

 

4. This dress does not fit (become) you.

 

 

 

9) 수동태의 주어가 될 수 없는 능동형의 목적어들

 

 

(1) 재귀대명사

 

1. Mary could see herself in the pond.

 

She (herself-(X)) could be seen in the pond.

 

2. John shaved himself.

 

Himself was shaved by John. (X)

 

3. She dressed herself in white(동작).

 

She was dressed in white(by herself) (상태).

 

 

(2) 상호대명사

 

They loved each other in youth.

 

Each other were loved in youth. (X)