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< 부정사와 동명사 2 >

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2) 형용사적 용법

 

(1) I have no friend to help me.

 

(2) He has no money to buy the book with.

 

(3) Why don&qout;&qout;t you want something to eat?

 

 

 

 

 

(1) 한정적 용법

 

 

 

1. 명사(대명사) + to + 자동사

 

a. He was the last man to come. (= that came)

 

b. She was the first woman to fly in the air. (= that flew)

 

 

 

 

2. 명사(대명사) + to + 타동사

 

a. I have no son to support me.

 

- 동사의 목적어가 부정사의 의미상 주어 관계

 

b. I have no father to support.

 

- 동사의 목적어가 부정사의 의미상 목적어 관계

 

She had nothing to wear for the party.

 

c. There is nothing to see. (=worth seeing)

 

There is nothing to be seen. (=that can be seen)

 

 

 

 

3. 명사(대명사) + to + 타동사/자동사 + 전치사

 

a. I have no case to keep my accessories in

 

- 명사(대명사)는 전치사의 목적관계

 

b. We need a tool to open it with.

 

c. I want enough money to buy a car with.

 

d. We had no one to talk about the matter with.

 

= We had no one with whom we could talk about the matter.

 

= We had no one with whom to talk about the matter.

 

 

 

4. 부정사가 그 수식을 받는 명사를 설명하는 동격관계

 

a. He made me a promise to help me.

 

b. The president announced his decision to retire.

 

 

 

 

 

 

(2) 서술적 용법

 

 

1. appear to, seem to, happen to, be said to 등 뒤에서 보어로 쓰인 경우

 

a. He seems to be young for his age.

 

b. The rumor turned out to be true.

 

c. She happened to be there.

 

- 그녀는 마침 거기 있었다.

 

 

 

2. be + to 의 용법

 

a. We are to be married tomorrow.

 

b. He was never to see his home again.

 

- 그는 고향에 다시는 못 돌아갈 운명이었다.

 

 

[주의]

 

형용사구와 이것이 꾸미는 명사. 대명사와의 관계는 다음과 같다.

 

1. 주격관계 -> 수식 받는 명사. 대명사가 부정사구의 의미상의 주어가 된다.

 

 That is the gentleman to help you.

 

= That is the gentleman who will help you.